anti-hypoxic; acts on the mitochondrial respiratory chain; prevents atherosclerosis; angioprotector.

Sum of polymerized Proantocyanides (C₁₅H₁₃O₆)-[C₁₅H₁₂O₇]n-(C₁₅H₁₃O₆) from the plants of Fabaceae family.

• Molecular Weight : 8,300 Da.verage value).
  
  
• Melting Point : 290 - 300 °C (decomp.).
  
  
• Solubility in : water and 40% ethanol.
  
  
• Purity min. : 65%. NMR, TLC [ethyl acetate-formic acid-water (3:1:2)].
  
  
• Physical Form : brown amorphous powder.
  
  
• Chemical Name : [(+)-katechine-(4a--8)-(+)-galokatechine]n-(4a--8)-(+)-katechine, n: 1-10.
  
  
• Biological Activity : delays animal death caused by anoxia hyperbar (HH), normobar (NH), cytotoxic (CH) and total (isolated heart). This antihypoxic activity, which is greater than that of Gutimine, Isothiobarbamine and Dibunol, is due to its action on the mitochondrial respiratory chain. In heart muscle mitochondria, in anoxia conditions and in presence of Kavergal, the degradation speed of Succinate and Glutamate is 1.5-2 fold higher and phosphorilation speed of ADP is 19-24% higher than with the standard.
  Has a potent cardioprotector action: the necrosis is reduced by 46% in weight in rats under experimental infarction and by 60% in rabbits under infarction due to cholesterol atherosclerosis. Its cardioprotector action under ischaemia conditions is linked with the inhibition of the peroxidative oxidation of lipids: in rats under 24 hours lasting myocardial infarction, decreases the ratio of final products in both ventricles. In rabbits under atherosclerosis due to cholesterol, decreases 3 fold the aorta indices of atherosclerotic infection and cholesterolemia.
  increases the alpha cholesterol ratio in serum.
  
  
• Toxicity (LD₅₀) : mice (orally): > 5 000 mg/kg.
  mice (i.p.): 290 mg/kg.
  
  
• Storage recommendations : Storage and reconstitution recommendations: stable, store at +4°C, in dark place, avoid humidity. Solution for use: 0.1-1%; in vivo: 40 to 70 mg/kg, dose for 24 hours: 150 to 300 mg/kg.
  Safety recommendations: No observed toxic effects on human beings.
  
  
• CAS Reg. No. : 122303-88-2
  
  
• Bibliography :
  
  1. Khodjaev et al., USSR patent # 1503260, "Obtaining mode of Kavergal" (1989) (Russian).