a CNS stimulant.

Alkaloid, C₈H₁₀N₄O₂ , purified from plants of Coffea genus, Rubiaceae.

• Molecular Weight : 194.2 Da.
  
  
• Melting Point : 234-237°C.
  
  
• Solubility in : pyrrole, tetrahydrofuran containing approx. 4% water and ethyl acetate; moderately in water, ethanol and acetone.
  
  
• Purity min. : min. 99%. (TLC)
  
  
• Physical Form : white solid.
  
  
• Chemical Name : 3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-IH-purine-2,6-dione.
  
  
• Biological Activity : A1 adenosine receptor: Ki = 29 µM; A₂ adenosine receptor: Ki = 48 µM. [3]
  
  Ca₂₊ channels activator: agonist of Ryanodine receptors.
  
  
• Toxicity (LD₅₀) : orally:hamster: 230 mg/kg; rat: 192 mg/kg; mice: 127 mg/kg; dog: 140 mg/kg; rabbit: 224 mg/kg.
  i.v.:rat: 105 mg/kg; mice: 62 mg/kg; rabbit: 58 mg/kg.
  i.p.:rat: 240 mg/kg; mice: 168 mg/kg.
  s.c.:rat: 170 mg/kg; mice: 242 mg/kg; dog: 100 mg/kg.
  
  
• Storage recommendations : store at room temperature, in a dark place.
  
  
• CAS Reg. No. : 58-08-2.
  
  
• RTECS No. : EV 6475000
  
  
• Merck Index 11th Ed. : 1635
  
  
• Bibliography :
  
  1. Zubair et al., "Analytical profiles of drug substances", Florey Ed., Academic Press, New York, (1986). 15:71-150
  2. Saano et al.; Acta Pharmacol et toxicol. (1982). 51:300
  3. Bruns et al., Mol. Pharmacol. (1986). 29:331
  4. Pessah et al., Mol. Pharmacol. (1987). 31:232-238