SNAKE VENOMS
Product ID L1134
Name Montivipera xanthina 
Common Name(s) Anatolian Viper
Origin Turkey
Purity >99%
Form Lyophilized powder
Packaging In vacuum sealed glass vials, in secured parcel.
 Packaging and Prices

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100 mg 200.00

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500 mg 750.00

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1 g 1 200.00

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 Species Protection Status
CITES None
EU None 
France None 
 Product Technical Documents
Safety Data Sheet Available on request, please Contact us
Ref. SDS_L1134 : unit price : free of charge
 Related Links
See also ITIS : Integrated Taxonomic Information System (http://www.itis.gov)
The Reptile-Database.org (http://www.reptile-database.org)
Search Vipera xanthina with
Search Vipera xanthina with PubMed
Bibliography 1. Arikan, H., Goecmen, B., Kumlutas, Y., Alpagut-Keskin, N., Ilgaz, C & Yildiz, M.Z. 2008. Electrophoretic characterisation of the venom samples obtained from various Anatolian snakes (Serpentes: Colubridae, Viperidae, Elapidae). North-Western Journal of Zoology 4 (1): 16-28
2. Arikan, Hueseyin; Yusuf Kumlutas, Oeguz Tuerkozan, Ibrahim Baran, Cetin Ilgaz 2004. The morphology and size of blood cells of some viperid snakes from Turkey. Amphibia-Reptilia 25 (4): 465-470
3. Arslan, Dilara; Anthony Oliver, Cagdas Yasar, Ilhan Bayryam Ismail, Oemer Doendueren, Lisa Ernoul, Nicolas Beck, Kerim Cicek 2018. Distribution and current status of herpetofauna in the Gediz Delta (Western Anatolia, Turkey) Herpetology Notes 11: 1-15
4. Bettex,F. 1993. Beobachtungen an Vipera bulgardaghia, Vipera albizona und Vipera xanthina im Freiland und im Terrarium. Herpetofauna 15 (86): 21-26
5. BODSON, Liliane 2009. L'interpretation des noms grecs et latins d'animaux illustree par le cas du zoonyme seps-seps. Academie Royale de Belgique, Bruxelles, 368 pp.
6. Boettger, O. [as O. Boettger] 1880. Die Reptilien und Amphibien von Syrien, Palaestina und Cypern. Ber. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., Frankfurt/M., 1879-1880: 132-219
7. Cattaneo, A. 2014. VARIABILITAD E SOTTOSPECIE DI MONTIVIPERA XANTHINA (GRAY, 1849) NELLE ISOLE EGEE ORIENTALI (Reptilia Serpentes Viperidae). Naturalista sicil., S. IV, XXXVIII (1): 51-83
8. Clark, Richard 2000. Herpetological notes on the islands of Lipsi and Agathonisi, Dodecanse, Greece. Herpetological Bulletin (74): 6-7.
9. David,P. & Ineich,I. 1999. Les serpents venimeux du monde: systematique et repartition. Dumerilia 3: 3-499
10. Edelman, M. & Frank, R. 2007. Herpetologische waarnemingen op Lesbos (Griekenland). Lacerta 65 (1): 4-15
11. Engelmann, W.E. et al. 1993. Lurche und Kriechtiere Europas. Neumann Verlag (Radebeul, Germany), 440 pp.
12. Gaerdenfors, U. 1980. Ein Nachweis von Vipera xanthina in Griechenland (Reptilia: Serpentes: Viperidae) Salamandra 16 (4): 270
13. Garrigues, Thomas; Catherine Dauga; Elisabeth Ferquel; Valerie Choumet and Anna-Bella Failloux 2005. Molecular phylogeny of Vipera Laurenti, 1768 and the related genera Macrovipera (Reuss, 1927) and Daboia (Gray, 1842), with comments about neurotoxic Vipera aspis aspis populations. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Volume 35 (1): 35-47
14. Gaulke, M. 2008. Der Avilon Montalban Zoological Park, Philippinen. Reptilia (Muenster) 13 (69): 76-81
15. Glandt, Dieter;Schluepmann, Martin;Thiesmeier, Burkhard 1998. Herpetologische Beobachtungen in der Algarve, Suedportugal. Zeitschrift fuer Feldherpetologie 5: 181-208
16. Gray, J. E. 1849. Catalogue of the specimens of snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Edward Newman, London, i-xv; 1-125.
17. Gruber, U. 2009. Die Schlangen Europas, 2. Aufl. Kosmos Naturfuehrer, 266 pp.
18. Herrmann, H. W.; Joger,U.; Lenk,P. & Wink,M. 1999. Morphological and molecular phylogenies of viperines: conflicting evidence?. Kaupia (Darmstadt) (8): 21-30
19. Jablonski, Daniel; David Jandzik; Peter Mikuicek, Georg Dzukic, Katarina Ljubisavljevic, Nikolay Tzankov, Dusan Jelic, Evanthia Thanou, Jiri Moravec and Vaclav Gvozdi­k 2016. Contrasting evolutionary histories of the legless lizards slow worms (Anguis) shaped by the topography of the Balkan Peninsula. BMC Evolutionary Biology 16:99; DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0669-1
20. Kasapidis, Panagiotis;Provatidou, Sofia;Maragou, Panagiota;Valakos, Efstratios D. 1996. Neue Daten ueber die Herpetofauna von Lesbos (aegaeische Inseln, Griechenland) und einige biogeographische Bemerkungen ueber die Inseln des nordoestlichen aegaeischen Archipels. Salamandra 32 (3): 171-180
21. KUMLUTAS, Y.;MEHMET OEZ, M. RIZVAN TUNC, YAKUP KASKA, ADEM OEZDEMIR & SERDAR DUESEN 2004. On snake species of the Western Taurus range, Turkey. Nat. Croat. 13 (1): 19-33
22. Kurnaz, Muammer; Ufuk Buelbuel, Ali Ihsan Eroglu, Bilal Kutrup, Halime Koc 2018. Northwesternmost locality record of Montivipera xanthina (GRAY, 1849) in Turkey. Herpetozoa 30 (3/4): 218221
23. Kwet, A. 2010. Reptilien und Amphibien Europas. Kosmos-Verlag, Stuttgart, 252 pp.
24. Kwet, Axel & Benny Trapp 2014. Liste der Reptilien Europas. Draco 15 (60): 72-79
25. Kwet, Axel & Benny Trapp 2014. Die Vipern Europas. Draco 15 (60): 40-56
26. Lenk, P.; Kalyabina, S.; Wink, M.; Joger, U. 2001. Evolutionary relationships among the true vipers (Reptilia: Viperidae) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 19(1):94-104
27. Mallow, D. Ludwig, D. & Nilson, G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger, Malabar, Florida, 410 pp. [review in HR 35: 200, Reptilia 35: 74]
28. McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Toure,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists' League, 511 pp.
29. Nilson G; Andren C 1985. Systematics of the Vipera xanthina complex (Reptilia: Viperidae). 3. Taxonomic status of the Bulgar Dagh viper in south Turkey. Journal of Herpetology 19 (2): 276-283
30. Nilson G; Andren C 1986. The mountain vipers of the Middle Eastthe Vipera xanthina complex (Reptilia: Viperidae). Bonn. Zool. Monogr. 20: 1-90
31. Nilson G; Andren C; Flardh B 1990. Vipera albizona, a new mountain viper from central Turkey, with comments on isolating effects of the Anatolian 'Diagonal'. Amphibia-Reptilia 11(3): 285-294
32. Nilson, G., Andren, C., & Flaerdh, B. 1988. Die Vipern der Tuerkei. Salamandra 24 (4): 215-247
33. Nilson,G.; TUNIYEV,B.; ANDREN,C.; ORLOV,N.; JOGER,U. & HERRMANN,H. W. 1999. Taxonomic position of the Vipera xanthina complex. Kaupia (Darmstadt) (8): 99-102
34. O'Shea, M. 2018. The Book of Snakes. Ivy Press / Quarto Publishing, London,
35. Phelps, T. 2010. Old World Vipers. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 558 pp. [critical review in Sauria 33 (3): 19 and HR 43: 503]
36. Radspieler, Clemens;Schweiger, Mario 1990. Die Bergotter Daboia (Synonym Vipera) Xanthina Gray, 1849: Beobachtungen im natuerlichen Lebensraum, Haltung, Zucht und Aufzucht in Gefangenschaft. Herpetofauna 12 (66): 11-20
37. Schaetti, B. & Baran, I. 1988. Bemerkungen zur Verbreitung von Elaphe hohenackeri (STRAUCH 1873) und Vipera xanthina (GRAY 1849) in Sued-Anatolien. Salamandra 24 (4): 306-309
38. Schaetti, B.;Baran, I.;Sigg, H. 1991. Rediscovery of the Bolkar viper: morphological variation and systematic implications on the 'Vipera xanthina complex'. Amphibia-Reptilia 12 (3): 305-327
39. Schlueter, U. 2009. Die Schlangenfauna Europas. Draco 10 (39): 4-21
40. Schlueter, U. 2010. Der Herpetofauna von Symi [Griechenland]. Elaphe 18 (4): 62-67
41. Schmidtler, Josef Friedrich;Eiselt, Josef;Sigg, Harry 1990. Die subalpine Herpetofauna des Bolkar-Gebirges (Mittlerer Taurus, Suedtuerkei). Herpetofauna 12 (64): 11-20
42. Schneider, B. 1983. Zur Herpetofauna der Inseln Kalymnos undTelentos (Dodekanes, Aegaeis). Salamandra 19 (1-2): 61-70
43. Schweiger, M. 2009. Die Giftschlangen Europas. Eine Uebersicht der Arten und Bemerkungen zu einzelnen Taxa. Reptilia (Muenster) 14 (76): 14-25
44. Shine, Richard;Madsen, Thomas 1994. Sexual dichromatism in snakes of the genus Vipera: A review and a new evolutionary hypothesis. Journal of Herpetology 28 (1): 114-117
45. Sigg, H. 1987. Nachforschungen ueber Vipera ursinii anatolica EISELT & BARAN 1970 im westlichen Taurus. Herpetofauna 9 (47): 25-34
46. Sindaco, R.; Serra, G. & Menegon, M. 2006. New data on the Syrian herpetofauna with a newly-recorded species of snake. Zoology of the Middle-East 37: 29-38
47. Sindaco, Roberto; Alberto Venchi, Giuseppe M. Carpaneto, Marco A. Bologna 2000. The Reptiles of Anatolia: a Checklist and Zoogeographical analysis. Biogeographia, 21-2000: 441-554.
48. Strauch, A. 1868. Concerning poisonous snakes distributed in Russia. [in Russian]. Trudy Perv. Siezda Russ. Yestestv. Zool., 1: 294 (also cited as Trans. First Conf. Russ. Nat., St.Petersburg, 1: 271-297)
49. Stuempel, N. & Trapp, B. 2006. Montivipera xanthina (GRAY 1849), Bergotter. Reptilia (Muenster) 11 (60): 51-54
50. Stuempel, Nikolaus; Mehdi Rajabizadeh, Aziz Avci, Wolfgang Wuester, Ulrich Joger 2016. Phylogeny and diversification of mountain vipers (Montivipera, Nilson et al. 2001) triggered by multiple Plio-Pleistocene refugia and high-mountain topography in the Near and Middle East Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.04.025
51. Tiedemann,F. & Grillitsch,H. 1986. Zur Verbreitung von Vipera xanthina (Gray 1849) in Griechenland (Serpentes Viperidae). Salamandra 22 (4): 272-275
52. Trapp, B. 2007. Reptilien und Amphibien des griechischen Festlandes. Natur und Tier Verlag (Muenster), 300 pp.
53. Trapp, Benny 2014. Europaeische Vipern. Terraria-Elaphe 2014 (3): 14-21
54. Trutnau, L. 1975. Europaische Amphibien und Reptilien. Belser Verlag, Stuttgart 212 pp.
55. Venchi, Alberto and Roberto Sindaco 2006. Annotated checklist of the reptiles of the Mediterranean countries, with keys to species identification. Part 2 -Snakes (Reptilia, Serpentes). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "G. Doria", Genova, XCVIII: 259-364
56. Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
57. Wirth, Michael 2014. Auf der Suche nach Bergottern (Montivipera xanthina) im Nordosten Griechenlands Teil 1. Terraria-Elaphe 2014 (3): 38-43
58. Wirth, Michael 2014. Auf der Suche nach Bergottern (Montivipera xanthina) im Nordosten Griechenlands - Teil 2. Terraria-Elaphe 2014 (4): 40-44
Copyright © Ludwig Trutnau
Copyright © Franck Koch
Montivipera xanthina
Taxonomic Classification
  • Class : Reptilia
  • Order : Squamata
  • Suborder : Serpentes
  • Family : Viperidae
  • Subfamily :  Viperinae
  • Genus :  Vipera

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